知识产权研究院

Time limits for national/regional phase entry of international PCT applications

Time limits for national/regional phase entry of international PCT applications

作者: Danielle Carvey
The time limit for entering the PCT national or regional phase in most jurisdictions is typically 30 or 31 months from the earliest filing date, or priority date, of your PCT application, depending on the individual country(s) or region(s) in which you are seeking patent protection. After this deadline, your patent application will be considered by the respective IPO's of each individual designated country and/or region. 
 
In addition to varying national phase deadline time periods of 30/31 months, many jurisdictions possess nuances such as the possibility of deadline extensions, corresponding fees etc. See below for details on the PCT national phase time limits pertaining to each jurisdiction:
Designated/Elected Office Chapter I
(under PCT Article 22)
Chapter II
(under PCT Article 39(1))
AE United Arab Emirates 30 30
AG Antigua and Barbuda 30 30
AL Albania1 31 31
AM Armenia2 31 31
AO Angola 30 30
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization4 31 31
AT Austria1 30 30
AU Australia 31 31
AZ Azerbaijan2 30 31
BA Bosnia and Herzegovina 34 34
BB Barbados 30 30
BG Bulgaria1 31 31
BH Bahrain 30 30
BN Brunei Darussalam 30 30
BR Brazil 30 30
BW Botswana6 31 31
BY Belarus2 31 31
BZ Belize  30   307
CA Canada  3015 3015
CH Switzerland1, 9 30 30
CL Chile   30   30 
CN China           30 (32)8          30 (32)8
CO Colombia  31 31
CR Costa Rica  31 31
CU Cuba  30 30
CZ Czech Republic1 31 31
DE Germany1 31 31
DJ Djibouti 30 30
DK Denmark1  31  31
DM Dominica3 30 30
DO Dominican Republic  30 30
DZ Algeria  31 31
EA Eurasian Patent Organization  31 31
EC Ecuador  31 31
EE Estonia1 31 31
EG Egypt  30 30
EP European Patent Organisation10 31 31
ES Spain1 30 30
FI Finland1 31 31
GB United Kingdom1 31 31
GD Grenada3 30 30
GE Georgia  31 31
GH Ghana6 30 30
GM Gambia6 30 31
GT Guatemala  30 30
HN Honduras 30 30
HR Croatia1   31 31
HU Hungary1 31 31
ID Indonesia     315    315
IL Israel  30 30
IN India  31 31
IQ Iraq3 30 30
IR Iran (Islamic Republic of) 30 30
IS Iceland1 31 31
IT Italy1 3016 3016
JM Jamaica 30 30
JO Jordan 30 30
JP Japan  30 30
KE Kenya6 30 30
KG Kyrgyzstan2 31 31
KH Cambodia 30 30
KN Saint Kitts and Nevis 30 30
KP Democratic People’s Republic of Korea  30 30
KR Republic of Korea  31 31
KW Kuwait 30 30
KZ Kazakhstan2 31 31
LA Lao People’s Democratic Republic 31 31
LC Saint Lucia3 30 30
LK Sri Lanka 30 30
LR Liberia6 30 31
LS Lesotho6 30 31
LU Luxembourg1     2011 30
LY Libya3 30 30
MA Morocco  31 31
MD Republic of Moldova 31 31
ME Montenegro3 30 30
MG Madagascar  30 30
MK North Macedonia1 31 31
MN Mongolia  31 31
MW Malawi6 30 30
MX Mexico  30 30
MY Malaysia  30 30
MZ Mozambique6 31 31
NA Namibia6 31 31
NG Nigeria  30 30
NI Nicaragua  30 30
NO Norway1 31 31
NZ New Zealand  31 31
OA African Intellectual Property Organization12 30 30
OM Oman  30 30
PA Panama 30 30
PE Peru   30  30 
PG Papua New Guinea  31 31
PH Philippines            30 (318)           30 (318)
PL Poland1 30 30
PT Portugal1 30 30
QA Qatar 30 30
RO Romania1 30 30
RS Serbia1     3013 3013
RU Russian Federation2 31 31
RW Rwanda3, 6 30 30
SA Saudi Arabia 30 30
SC Seychelles  31 31
SD Sudan6 30 30
SE Sweden1 31 31
SG Singapore  3014 3014
SK Slovakia1 31 31
SL Sierra Leone6 31 31
ST Sao Tome and Principe3, 6 30 30
SV El Salvador  30 30
SY Syrian Arab Republic  31 31
TH Thailand  30 30
TJ Tajikistan2 30 31
TM Turkmenistan2 30 31
TN Tunisia  30 30
TR Türkiye1          30 (338)          30 (338)
TT Trinidad and Tobago   30 31
TZ United Republic of Tanzania6     2111 31
UA Ukraine  31 31
UG Uganda6 30 31
US United States of America  30 30
UZ Uzbekistan  31 31
VC Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 31 31
VN Vietnam 31 31
WS Samoa 31 31
ZA South Africa  31 31
ZM Zambia6 30 30
ZW Zimbabwe6 30 31

 

  1. 1. If designated for a European patent, see EP as designated Office for the applicable time limits.
  2. 2. If designated for a Eurasian patent, see EA as designated Office for the applicable time limits.
  3. 3. In the absence of information from the Office concerned, the time limits shown are those which would normally apply under PCT Articles 22(1) and 39(1)(a).  If the Office decides to apply longer time limits, that information will be published in the PCT Newsletter.
  4. 4. ARIPO acts as designated office for the following State which does not act in the capacity of designated office:  SZ.
  5. 5. This time limit may be extended provided that the applicant pays an additional fee for late entry into the national phase.
  6. 6. If designated for an ARIPO patent, see AP as designated office for the applicable time limits.
  7. 7. May be extended upon written request of the applicant.
  8. 8. Time limit applicable if applicant pays an additional fee for late entry into the national phase.
  9. 9. Swiss Office acts as designated one for the following State which does not act in the capacity of designated office:  LI.
  10. 10. EPO acts as designated office for the following States which do not act in the capacity of designated office :  BE, CY, FR, GR, IE, LT, LV, MC, MT, NL, SI, SM.
  11. 11. This Office has notified the International Bureau of the non-applicability of the 30-month time limit under PCT Article 22(1), as modified with effect from 1 April 2002 – it does not yet apply the 30-month time limit for entering the national phase.
  12. 12. OAPI acts as designated office for the following States which do not act in the capacity of designated office :  BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG.
  13. 13. The time limit may be extended by 30 days if the applicant pays an additional fee for late entry into the national phase.
  14. 14. The time limit may be extended by up to 18 months provided the applicant pays the prescribed fee.
  15. 15. Up to 12 months after the 30-month deadline (30 months from the priority date) the applicant can request reinstatement of rights provided that he/she pays the fee for reinstatement of rights and meets the other requirements outlined in subsection 154(3) of the Canadian Patent Rules for the reinstatement of rights.
  16. 16. For international applications filed on or after July 1, 2020.

相关文章

The African Intellectual Property Organization, officially the Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle (OAPI), is a regional intellectual property organization and office comprising 17 member states across the African region.

Established on September 13, 1962, the OAPI is headquartered in Yaoundé, Cameroon, and encompases the member states of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Comoros, the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Chad and Togo. It operates under the revised Bangui Agreement of 1999 and 2015 with the primary objective of facilitating a unified and streamlined system for the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights across its member states. In doing so, the Office helps to foster innovation, creativity, and economic development across the region. Moreover, the centralization of IP administration by the OAPI ensures that applicants and rights holders can secure and manage their IP efficiently and uniformly across member states.

The OAPI offers a wide range of services to facilitate the registration and protection of various forms of intellectual property, including patents, trademarks, industrial designs, and geographical indications, among others. By providing a single application process that grants IP protection in all member states, the OAPI significantly reduces the administrative load and costs associated with obtaining IP rights in multiple jurisdictions individually.

This system not only simplifies the process for applicants but also ensures a consistent application of IP laws and standards across the region, promoting legal certainty and stability for businesses and individual inventors. Owing to the fact that all OAPI member states are governed by the common law set forth by the Bangui Agreement, it is not possible to designate certain member states for IP protection. Consequently, an OAPI registered right will be valid in all member states simultaneously.

In addition to facilitating a system for regional IP rights, the OAPI also allows for several initiatives and international collaborations with the aim of raising awareness and providing education to all stakeholders alike regarding the importance of intellectual property. As such, the organization conducts and hosts several training programs, workshops, and seminars aimed at enhancing the skill set and capacity of IP professionals, officials, applicants and the general public. These initiatives are an important element in the maintenance of a robust IP system in the African region, helping to cultivate a stable basis for the protection of innovation and subsequent economic upturn.

The OAPI also collaborates with multiple international organizations, including the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), in order to align its interests and actions with global best practices and legal framework. Additionally, the OAPI is a party to both the Hague Agreement and the Madrid Protocol, allowing for the international registration of various IP types within the regional organization. Such collaborations can prove vital in forging an effective IP system for the region, also encouraging applicants from across the world to file for IP protection in OAPI member states.

The OAPI plays a pivotal role in supporting economic development by encouraging foreign investment and global IP applications. By providing a reliable system for the protection of an applicant's IP portfolio, the OAPI assists in facilitating an attractive environment for investors who seek to capitalize on the region's growth potential. This is due to the fact that secure and enforceable IP rights are essential for companies looking to establish operations in Africa, protecting their innovations and brand identity from infringement. Furthermore, the promotion of IP rights in the region also helps to provide for the commercialization of local innovations and the development of new industries, contributing to further economic growth and an increase in employment opportunities.

Overall, the OAPI is instrumental in advancing intellectual property protection across the African region, fostering innovation across its 17 member states through a centralized IP system, harmonized IP laws, and the facilitation of training in regards to the IP field. In providing a cohesive system for the protection of IP rights, the OAPI also acts as a catalyst for economic development in the region.

管理专利注册全流程——从首次提交PCT申请到维持专利有效期长达20年甚至更久——可能是一个复杂且耗费资源的过程。IP-Coster通过提供集中化平台高效处理专利申请与保护的各个阶段,使这一流程得以简化。在我们的支持下,客户可专注于创新研发,而我们将为您统筹各项细节。

《专利合作条约》(PCT)允许申请人仅提交一件专利申请,随后可进入国家或地区阶段,在多达158个国家和地区获得保护。但是,PCT并不提供"国际专利",而是通过简化程序帮助申请人获得单一国家或地区专利。

传统PCT申请包含以下步骤:准备申请文件、获取所需签名、向受理局提交纸质副本。这一过程往往相当费时,特别是在需要协调法律代表以及处理大量文书工作的情况下。

IP-Coster 简化PCT专利申请

IP-Coster平台提供集中化、用户友好的解决方案,消除传统申请流程的障碍。我们的资深律师团队全程在线处理PCT申请,确保及时提交至全球89个受理局。所有沟通均通过数字化方式完成,无需纸质文件,显著降低行政负担。

进入国家或地区阶段

根据PCT规定,申请人需将申请转入国家或地区阶段,才能在各个管辖区获得专利保护。该步骤通常需在最早优先权日起30或31个月内完成(具体时限依各国/地区法规而定)。

此阶段需针对各个管辖区制定个性化策略。IP-Coster专家团队将协助客户优选目标市场,确保申请平稳过渡,显著提高专利授权成功率。

分地域独立管理专利申请流程

进入国家/地区阶段后,专利申请将在各管辖区独立进行。IP-Coster与全球可信赖的代理网络合作,为客户提供专业可靠的代理服务,确保符合当地法律和程序要求。

通过我们的平台,客户可在最初提交专利申请的同一直观界面上,无缝管理多个管辖区的知识产权事务——从申请到授权,全程获得专业护航。

维持专利有效性

专利授权后,需按时缴纳各国年费以维持专利有效性。这一持续性义务对保障专利权的稳定性至关重要。

IP-Coster提供高效的年费管理服务,既能简化行政流程,又可有效规避逾期风险,让客户在专注知识产权价值转化的同时,确保持续享有专利保护。

专利延期

针对医药、生物技术等特殊行业,为补偿合规审批耗时,专利可获得延期。根据具体标准及国家法规,最多可在20年基础保护期上延期5年。每件申请均需经过全面评估以确认延期的适用性。

IP-Coster资深专家团队将为您量身定制评估方案,为您争取专利延期,确保您的知识产权获得更长的保护期。

专利优先权在发明保护过程中起着至关重要的作用,但是要获得并维持这种优先权却较为复杂。在不可预知的情况下,专利申请人可能会非故意丧失发明专利优先权。虽然这听起来不太妙,但是在某些情况下可以恢复优先权。

 

申请

专利优先权授予申请人基于在先申请提交发明专利保护的专有权。优先权可通过《巴黎公约》和《专利合作条约》(PCT)等国际条约在多个领域得以实现。

在部分管辖区,如因“适当注意”而错过期限并随后丧失优先权或因“非故意”丧失优先权,可恢复优先权。这些管辖区通常包括《保护工业产权巴黎公约》成员国,但是恢复的具体标准和流程因各个管辖区而异。由于个中差别微乎其微,因此需查阅各个国家的专利法律法规,得知恢复优先权相关要求和程序的详细信息。

根据PCT,如专利申请的国际申请日在优先权期限届满日之后,则申请人可在初始期限届满日起2个月内要求恢复优先权且专利局认为符合所适用的标准。

 

恢复理由

 

适当注意

恢复优先权的一种可行途径是基于“适当注意”标准申请恢复优先权。涉及专利优先权,适当注意是指专利申请人在管理其申请以及遵守相关法规、承担相关职责方面应尽的责任和努力。通过适当注意理由恢复优先权通常必须满足严苛的标准。

如“理智谨慎的申请人”在专利申请过程中采取了适当注意,但仍丧失优先权,则知识产权局可为申请人恢复优先权。

为了达到恢复优先权的适当注意标准,专利申请人必须证明其已满足一系列高标准,仅证明其已采取预防措施遵守时限是不够的。

相反,申请人应证明其对整个申请过程已采取足够的适当注意。受理局会评估申请人在优先权期限届满前与国际申请相关的所有事实要素。在评估申请人是否已采取所有必要的行动来证明适当注意时,申请人在优先权期限届满后采取的行动不予考虑。

 

适当注意标准

知识产权局通常基于以下标准确定申请人是否已采取所有适当注意,以便恢复优先权:

  1. 申请人缺乏知识
  2. 申请人缺乏资金
  3. 申请人或代理人本人的人为失误
  4. 申请人和代理人沟通不畅
  5. 申请人或代理人缺席知识产权局
  6. 代理人或申请人员工的人为失误
  7. 案件系统出错
  8. 传真或软件提交失败
  9. 邮政服务困难
  10. 不可抗力因素

根据相关要求以及对比“谨慎的申请人”应采取的行动,知识产权局会对每项标准进行事实分析,已确定是否符合适当注意标准。

非故意

非故意标准是恢复优先权的另一种可行途径,总体而言,符合这类标准的要求低于申请人需证明已采取适当注意。

总而言之,如发现申请人未能在规定的优先权期限内提交国际申请是非故意的,则受理局应恢复优先权。为符合这类标准,申请人必须证明其并非故意未在优先权期限内提交国际申请,且有在优先权期限内提交申请的潜在意图。

 

非故意标准

恢复优先权的常见非故意理由如下:

  1. 缺乏认知
  2. 法律误解
  3. 依赖错误信息

     本质上讲,申请人是否符合非故意标准取决于受理局在优先权期限届满时对申请人意图(不受优先权期限限制)的评估。

 

理由声明

无论申请人是基于适当注意或非故意标准申请恢复优先权,申请人必须向受理局说明未在规定期限内提交申请的理由。这些理由应以“理由声明”的形式提交。

如基于适当注意标准,理由声明应详细描述构成优先权期限届满后逾期提交国际申请的所有事实和情况。此外,理由声明还应说明申请人在优先权期限内为提交申请而做出的救济措施或替代救济措施。

如基于非故意标准,理由声明应详细描述在规定的优先权期限内未遵守和及时提交国际申请完全是非故意的。如受理局认为理由声明不充分,可要求申请人提交一份声明修改文件。

此外,理由声明还需提供支持性证据,证明应基于适当注意标准或非故意标准恢复申请人的优先权。

总而言之,基于适当注意理由恢复优先权更为严格,侧重于个人或实体为防止知识产权侵权而采取的积极措施,而非故意标准通常更为灵活。

由于优先权恢复规定仅存在细微差别,因此对于丧失专利优先权的申请人来讲仍大有希望。如您对恢复专利优先权感兴趣,或希望我们为您提供相关帮助,可通过我们的社交媒体或网站https://www.ip-coster.com联系我们!

根据《欧洲专利公约》第115条的规定,任何人均可就一件欧洲专利申请或正在申请中的欧洲专利向欧洲专利局(EPO)提交其意见,以便向EPO审查员提供相关信息。此类提交被称之为第三方意见(TPO),在专利申请过程中发挥着重要作用。

第三方意见可以加快专利申请流程。根据《欧洲专利公约》第115条的规定和第114条规则,在审查期间提交非匿名、有充分依据的意见来证明发明缺乏可专利性有助于加快EPO下发审查意见通知书。这一机制不同于提交PACE请求。PACE请求仅会加快EPO的实质审查流程。

第三方意见会同时发给审查员和申请人,以供参考和评述。这不仅有助于防止错误授权专利,也有助于对专利权利要求书进行修改。除此之外,第三方意见会缩小授权专利的保护范围。

第三方意见可基于可专利性、新颖性、创造性、公开的充分性、缺乏清楚性或不合规的修改。应在申请过程中提交意见,以有效影响审查结果。如在专利授权后提交第三方意见,则不予考虑,也不可用于文件审查。

通常通过EPO网站上的在线表格提交第三方意见,无需缴纳官费。必须以EPO官方语言(英语、德语或法语)提交第三方意见并解释其依据。相关证明文件可用其他语言提交,但是EPO或许会要求在指定期限内提交官方语言之一的译本。

第三方意见也可匿名提交,但是值得注意的是,提交方不得为申请过程中的一方或是在提交第三方意见后加入申请过程。EPO不会直接告知提交方对其第三方意见所采取的后续行动,但是结果会在EPO的审查意见通知书中说明并公布。

第三方意见对于实现有效的专利审查流程至关重要。外部提供的相关材料有助于EPO获取更多的信息和专业知识,改善审查流程,确保授权的专利符合欧盟的高标准。